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Novo Nordisk

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Novo Nordisk A/S
Type Public (OMX: NOVO B, NYSE: NVO)
Founded 1923
Headquarters Bagsværd, Denmark
Key people Sten Scheibye (Chairman of the board), Lars Rebien Sørensen (President and CEO), Jesper Brandgaard (CFO)
Industry Pharmaceuticals, health care
Products Activella, Novolin,
Levemir, NovoSeven
Revenue DKK 45,553 million (2008)[1]
Profit ▲ DKK 9,645 million (2008)[1]
Employees 26,575 (2008)[1]
Website www.novonordisk.com

Novo Nordisk (OMX: NOVO B, NYSE: NVO) manufactures and markets pharmaceutical products and services. Created in 1989 through a merger of two Danish companies dating back to the 1920s, it has become one of the world's leading companies in diabetes care, where Novo Nordisk pursues research into pulmonary delivery systems; other companies, such as Medtronic, have expanded into insulin pump systems. Novo Nordisk also commands large sectors of the markets in haemostasis management, growth hormone therapy and hormone replacement therapy.

With headquarters in Denmark, Novo Nordisk has production facilities in six countries, with affiliates or offices in 80 countries. Novo Nordisk employs approximately 26,000 people globally (as of 2007)[2] , and markets its products in 179 countries.

Novo Nordisk is a full member of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA).[3]

Novo Nordisk has been ranked 57 among 100 Best companies to work for 2009 by CNN Money [4]

Contents

[edit] Collaborative Research

[edit] Toxicogenomics

In addition to internal research and development activities Novo Nordisk is also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in the area of non-clinical safety assessment is the InnoMed PredTox.[5][6] The company is expanding its activities in joint research projects within the framework of the Innovative Medicines Initiative of EFPIA and the European Commission.[7]

[edit] Diabetes

Novo Nordisk founded the World Diabetes foundation[8] to save the lives of those affected by diabetes in developing countries and were instrumental in achieving a UN resolution to fight diabetes. Making diabetes the only other disease alongside HIV / AIDS to have a commintment to combat at a UN level.

[edit] Pharmaceutical Brands

[edit] Levemir

Levemir® is the company brand name for insulin detemir [recombinant DNA origin]. It is a long-acting insulin analog with a subsitited Lys-(N-tetra decanoyl) for B28, the 28th amino acid on the B chain of insulin. It is a soluble insulin analog for injection. [9] Levemir is used to treat adult patients with diabetes for the control of high blood sugar.[10]

[edit] NovoLog/NovoRapid

NovoLog is the company brand name for insulin aspart, a rapid-acting soluble insulin for injection. It has a substituted aspartic acid for proline on B28 .[11]

[edit] NovoLog Mix 70/30

Novolog mix is a 70% insulin aspart protamine suspension and 30% insulin aspart for injection.[12]

[edit] NovoSeven

NovoSeven is a recombinant factor VII. It is a vitamin K-dependent gycosylated serine protease proenzyme . It is used in the treatment of hemophilia in cases of bleeding episodes or prevention of bleeding in surgical intervention. NovoSeven is intended for intravenous bolus injection.[13]

[edit] Norditropin

Norditropin is a brand name for somatropin, a polypeptide hormone of recombinant DNA origin. It contains the identical sequence of 191 amino acids in naturally occuring pituitary human growth hormone (hGH).

[edit] Company Logo

The Novo Nordisk logo is the Apis bull, one of the sacred animals of ancient Egypt. The Apis bull was worshipped as the incarnation of Ptah, creator of the universe, city god of Memphis and the patron deity of craftsmen.

The logo is a stylised reproduction of an Egyptian statuette dating from circa 664–323 BC. It is richly ornamented with symbols representing, among other things, the eternal dualities of life, day and night, life and death.

The Apis bull has been Novo’s logo since the year after the company’s foundation. The choice of the logo follows an old European chemist's tradition of identifying pharmacies by an animal symbol.

[edit] Unite for Diabetes

 This article contains weasel words, vague phrasing that often accompanies biased or unverifiable information. Such statements should be clarified or removed. (February 2009)

Novo Nordisk have sponsored the International Diabetes Federation's Unite for Diabetes campaign — a campaign that has successfully passed UN Resolution 61/225, making November 14th World Diabetes Day.

As such, they have also launched the Novo Nordisk Changing Diabetes World Tour — a truck that folds out into an educational and awareness-developing bus. The vehicle was launched in Copenhagen in September 2005 and has visited Europe, Africa, Australia, Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the United States. The bus journey culminated in being stationed in New York City for the inaugural World Diabetes Day on November 14, 2007.

[edit] Timeline

 This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2008)

Novo Nordisk was created in 1989 through a merger between two Danish companies – Novo Industri A/S and Nordisk Gentofte A/S.

  • 1923 Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium (later Nordisk Gentofte) founded.
  • 1925 Novo Terapeutisk Laboratorium (later Novo Industri) founded.
  • 1932 Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium founds the Steno Memorial Hospital.
  • 1938 Novo founds Hvidøre Diabetes Sanatorium.
  • 1941 Novo launches its first enzyme, trypsin, extracted from the pancreas of animals and used for bating leather before tanning.
  • 1946 Nordisk develops isophane insulin, branded as Neutral Protamine Haegdorn or NPH insulin, a neutral insulin with prolonged action.
  • 1947 Penicillin Novo is launched – Novo's first product to be manufactured through fermentation.
  • 1953 Lente – a long-acting insulin zinc suspension – is launched.
  • 1963 Alcalase – Novo's first detergent enzyme produced by fermentation.
  • 1973 Nordisk Gentofte markets Nanormon growth hormone for the treatment of growth hormone insufficiency. The growth hormone is extracted from human pituitary glands.
  • 1973 Monocomponent (MC) insulin is introduced – the purest insulin available.
  • 1974 Novo's B shares are quoted on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange.
  • 1977 Trisequens – sequential combined oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for peri-menopausal women – is marketed.
  • 1977 Novo enters the U.S. insulin market, but based on market share data, the company was a very marginal player.
  • 1978 In an effort to alleviate its product and quality problems in the U.S. insulin market, E.R. Squibb & Sons contracts with Novo. Novo becomes the single bulk supplier of insulin for Squibb.
  • 1981 Novo becomes the first company in Scandinavia to be quoted on the New York Stock Exchange.
  • 1982 Novo enters into a 50/50 U.S. joint venture with E.R. Squibb & Sons, known as Squibb-Novo, based in Princeton, NJ. Squibb-Novo became the distributor for Novo insulin sold in the U.S. market, with Novo focused on producing insulin, and Squibb focused on distributing and selling the product. The joint venture is able to significantly increase Novo's U.S. market share.
  • 1982 'Human' Monocomponent insulin is launched in the U.S. – the world's first insulin preparation which is structurally identical to human insulin. It is extracted from the pancreas of pigs and converted to human insulin chemically.
  • 1983 Novo Industri A/S enters a joint venture with Canada's Connaught Laboratories, considered to be the birthplace of insulin. Under the terms of the agreement, Novo agreed to manufacture insulin in Canada for distribution by Connaught. Novo Laboratories Ltd. agreed to lease, modernize and operate Connaught's insulin production facilities. Another subsidiary company, Connaught-Novo, was jointly owned by both parent companies. Connought Laboratories was privatized by the Mulroney government in 1985.
  • 1985 NovoPen – an injection system similar in appearance to a fountain pen, with replaceable insulin cartridges – is launched.
  • 1987 Novo starts production of human insulin with the help of genetically engineered yeast cells using recombinant DNA technology.
  • 1988 Nordisk Gentofte markets Norditropin genetically engineered human growth hormone.
  • 1989 Novo Industri A/S and Nordisk Gentofte A/S merge to become Novo Nordisk A/S, the world's leading producer of insulin.
  • 1989 Following the merger of Novo and Nordisk, and the merger of Bristol-Myers and E.R. Squibb & Sons in the U.S., the Squibb-Novo joint venture in the U.S. market was dissolved. Novo purchased Squibb's 50% share and all rights to the joint U.S. diabetes care business.
  • 1989 NovoLet – the world's first prefilled insulin syringe – is marketed.
  • 1992 The Steno Memorial Hospital and Hvidøre Hospital merge to form the Steno Diabetes Center.
  • 1994 Novo Nordisk Canada Inc. and Connaught Laboratories Ltd. announced a distribution agreement, which replaced their joint venture which was known as Connaught Novo Nordisk Inc. Under the terms of the agreement, Connaught received a financial consideration and a percentage fee for distribution services related to Novo Nordisk Canada's diabetes care products. Connaught continued to distribute Novo Nordisk Canada's diabetes products in Canada and Bermuda.
  • 1996 NovoSeven – for the treatment of haemophilia patients with inhibitor reaction – is launched.
  • 1998 NovoNorm/Prandin, a new oral treatment for type 2 diabetes, is launched in the US and a number of European countries.
  • 1998 Activelle – the first low-dose continuous combined oral HRT for post-menopausal women – is introduced.
  • 1999 Novo Nordisk publishes its first social report.
  • 1999 Innovo, the world's first insulin doser with a built-in electronic memory, is launched in Europe.
  • 1999 Novorapid (Novolog in the U.S.) – a rapid-acting insulin analogue – is marketed.
  • 1999 Norditropin SimpleXx – the world’s first liquid growth hormone in a dedicated pen system – is launched.
  • 2000 Novofem, a low-dose sequential combined oral HRT, is marketed in Germany. Two years later it is launched in several other European countries.
  • 2000 Novo Nordisk is split into three separate companies operating under the umbrella of the Novo Group: Novo Nordisk A/S, Novozymes A/S and Novo A/S.
  • 2001 InnoLet – the first insulin delivery system specially designed to suit the needs of insulin users with poor eyesight and reduced dexterity – is launched.
  • 2001 InDuo – the world's first combined blood glucose monitor and insulin injection system – is introduced.
  • 2001 NovoRapid/Novolog FlexPen and Insulatard (NPH) FlexPen are marketed. FlexPen is a new disposable, prefilled insulin pen dosage device.
  • 2001 Novo Nordisk acquires the controlling interest in the Brazilian pharmaceutical company Biobrás, the dominant insulin manufacturer in Brazil.
  • 2002 NovoMix 30 FlexPen and NovoMix Penfill are introduced. NovoMix 30 is a dual-release insulin analogue.
  • 2004 Levemir – a long-acting insulin analogue – is launched.
  • 2005 Novo Nordisk announced that the company had moved into a leadership position in the U.S. insulin market for the first time ever based on the most recent data on total insulin volume.[14]
  • 2008 Novo Nordisk Canada Inc. was named one of Greater Toronto's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc. in October, which was announced by the Toronto Star newspaper.[15]
  • 2009 Novo Nordisk was named as an ethical leader of international business by think-tank Ethisphere. [16]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c "Annual Report 2008". Novo Nordisk. http://annualreport2008.novonordisk.com/images/downloads/Novo_Nordisk_UK_AR2008.pdf. Retrieved on 2009-02-17. 
  2. ^ "NVO - Novo Nordisk A/S (ADR) - Google Finance". http://finance.google.com/finance?q=NVO&hl=en. Retrieved on 2008-08-14. 
  3. ^ "The Pharmaceutical Industry in Figures - 2008 Edition" (in english). European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). pp. 49. http://www.efpia.eu/content/default.asp?PageID=559&DocID=4883. Retrieved on 2008-08-25. 
  4. ^ http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2009/snapshots/57.html
  5. ^ Mattes WB (2008), Public consortium efforts in toxicogenomics, Methods Mol Biol. 2008;460:221-38 [1]
  6. ^ "InnoMed PredTox Member Organizations". http://www.innomed-predtox.com/consortium/members/. Retrieved on 2008-08-25. 
  7. ^ Innovative Medicines Initiative. "IMI Call Topics 2008". IMI-GB-018v2-24042008-CallTopics.pdf. European Commission. http://imi.europa.eu/docs/calls01_en.zip. Retrieved on 2008-08-25. 
  8. ^ "World Diabetes Foundation website". http://www.worlddiabetesfoundation.org/composite-75.htm. Retrieved on 2008-08-25. 
  9. ^ “Insulin” Beals JM, DeFilippis MR, Kovach PM, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
  10. ^ "Patient Information Sheet, Insulin Detemir [rDNA origin Injection (marketed as Levemir)]". Archived from the original on 25 January 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080125131920/http://www.fda.gov/CDER/consumerinfo/druginfo/Levemir.htm. 
  11. ^ “Insulin” Beals JM, DeFilippis MR, Kovach PM, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
  12. ^ “Insulin” Beals JM, DeFilippis MR, Kovach PM, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
  13. ^ “Recombinant Coagulation Factors and Thrombolytic Agents” Modi N, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
  14. ^ Novo Nordisk
  15. ^ "Reasons for Selection, 2009 Greater Toronto's Top Employers Competition". http://www.eluta.ca/top-employer-novo-nordisk-canada. 
  16. ^ "Ethical leadership title to Novo companies". http://www.cphpost.dk/business/business/45461-ethical-leadership-title-to-novo-companies.html. 

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