Initial consonant voicing

Sound change and alternation
General Metathesis Dissimilation Fortition
Lenition (weakening) Sonorization (voicing) Spirantization (assibilation) Rhotacism (change of [z] or [d] to [r]) L-vocalization (change of [l] to [w]) Debuccalization (loss of place)
Elision (loss) Apheresis (initial) Syncope (medial) Apocope (final) Haplology (similar syllables) Fusion Cluster reduction Compensatory lengthening
Epenthesis (addition) Anaptyxis (vowel) Excrescence (consonant) Prosthesis (initial) Paragoge (final) Unpacking Vowel breaking
Assimilation Coarticulation Palatalization (before front vowels) Velarization (before back vowels) Labialization (before rounded vowels) Initial voicing (before a vowel) Final devoicing (before silence) Metaphony (vowel harmony, umlaut) Consonant harmony
Cheshirisation (trace remains) Nasalization Tonogenesis Floating tone
Sandhi (boundary change) Crasis (contraction) Liaison, linking R Consonant mutation Tone sandhi Hiatus
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Initial consonant voicing refers to a process of historical sound change where voiceless consonants become voiced before a vowel.

For example, in modern German sagen is pronounced [za:gn̩], but the spelling reflects older pronunciation with a voiceless fricative.

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