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Holden VE Commodore

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For a complete overview of all Commodore models, see Holden Commodore.
Holden VE Commodore
2006–2007 Holden VE Calais V sedan
Manufacturer Holden
Parent company General Motors
Also called Commodore-based HSV-based
Production 2006–present
Assembly Elizabeth, South Australia, Australia
Predecessor Holden VZ Commodore
Class Full-size car
Body style(s) 4-door sedan
5-door station wagon
Layout Front-engine, rear-wheel drive
Platform GM Zeta
Engine(s) V6
  • 3.6 L Alloytec
  • 3.6 L LPG Alloytec
  • 3.6 L High Output Alloytec
V8
Transmission(s) Manual Automatic
Wheelbase 2915 mm (114.8 in)
Length Sedan
  • 4894 mm (192.7 in)–4900 mm (192.9 in)
Station wagon
  • 4896 mm (192.8 in)–4904 mm (193.1 in)
Width 1899 mm (74.8 in)
Height 1471 mm (57.9 in)–1476 mm (58.1 in)
Kerb weight Sedan
  • 1690 kg (3726 lb)–1825 kg (4023 lb)
Station wagon
  • 1837 kg (4050 lb)–1988 kg (4383 lb)
Related Holden VE Ute
Holden WM Caprice
Holden WM Statesman

The Holden VE Commodore, Berlina and Calais are a range of full-size cars produced since 2006 by Holden, the Australian subsidiary of General Motors (GM).

Succeeding the previous VZ model, the VE represents the fourteenth iteration of the Holden Commodore range—first introduced in 1978. As opposed to the VZ and all models previous, which used Opel-sourced platforms adapted both mechanically and in size for the local market, the VE programme is the first Commodore to be developed exclusively by Holden in Australia. The design of this new model included innovative features to help minimise export redevelopment costs, such as a symmetrical centre console that houses a flush-fitting hand brake lever to facilitate its conversion to left-hand drive. Internationally, the VE is badge engineered as the Chevrolet Lumina, Chevrolet Omega and Pontiac G8.

Holden implemented a staged roll-out of the VE variants, releasing the sedan first in July 2006. Prior to this, Holden stated they would manufacture two parallel generations of Commodores until the new station wagon and utility body styles were launched. The company also announced that engines and transmissions would be largely carried over from the previous VZ model. Variants by the brand's performance arm, Holden Special Vehicles (HSV), were released soon after the sedan's debut alongside the long-wheelbase WM Statesman/Caprice models. The VE Ute did not enter production until 2007 when it was accompanied by the previewing of a Sportwagon concept. The Sportwagon itself was subsequently introduced in July 2008 with a standard Commodore wheelbase instead of the extended wheelbase of previous Commodore wagons.

Contents

[edit] History of development

Holden's designers and engineers began laying down the basics of a clean-sheet Commodore sedan in 1999. In the seven years of development, the car came to be Holden's largest and most expensive project, representing an expenditure exceeding AU$1 billion and 3.4 million kilometres (2.1 million miles) of testing.[1]

[edit] Design

In 1999 Peter Hughes, Holden's manager of exterior design, produced a two-dimensional image of a sketch drawn earlier by Michael Simcoe, Holden's design director at the time. Known in house as the "Bill of Design", the sketch formed the design basis for the production-ready car. Various elements of the sketch were changed, including the rear tail lamps, the low-profile side window cluster and the drawn out wheelbase, but the aggressive stance remained.[2]

Early 1999 design sketch by Peter Hughes formed the basis for VE Commodore profile.

In 2004, just two years before the release of the VE Commodore, Holden unveiled the Torana TT36 concept car at the Australian International Motor Show in Sydney. The TT36 served as a preview of the VE and allowed Holden to gauge public reaction to its styling. Much of the Torana’s styling drew on the essence of the VE's design. Some production-ready components even carried over from the TT36 including the steering wheel, the window and rear-view mirror switch cluster and the handbrake lever.[3]

[edit] Engineering

Shortly after penning the first design sketches, Holden engineers began work on developing the chassis. Opel, which had provided the basis for all previous Commodore generations, ceased production of their rear-wheel drive Omega.[4] This meant that Holden had two options: to use another GM platform, or to develop an all-new vehicle. GM's new premium rear-wheel drive Sigma platform was to see production in the 2002 Cadillac CTS. Holden's engineers were offered this platform, but decided it was not appropriate.[5] The Sigma platform’s double A-arm front suspension and extensive use of aluminium were too costly for the VE's market segment. The luggage compartment was deemed too small and the Sigma interior package could not be stretched sufficiently to become a family-sized car. In particular, the rear-seat shoulder width was too tight.[6] These major drawbacks made Holden decide to develop an all new platform, known as the GM Zeta platform, on which a number of forthcoming GM vehicles will also be based.[7] The Zeta suspension system comprises new double-pivot MacPherson strut for the front and a four-link independent rear setup. These replace the previous simple MacPherson strut design front and much criticised semi-trailing arm rear suspension, for improved ride and handling.[8]

Interior type Trim level(s)
Functional Omega (pictured)
Performance SV6
SS
SS V (pictured)
Luxury Berlina
Calais
Calais V (pictured)

Denny Mooney was appointed chairman of Holden on 1 January 2004,[9] by which time development of the VE Commodore was well underway. Key design and engineering work was being finalised, and investment was already being made in making the tooling with which to manufacture the car.[6] One of Mooney's priorities was to improve the perceived quality issues that surrounded the previous generations of Commodores. The interior quality benefited dramatically from this additional emphasis; Mooney pushed for panel gaps to be reduced by a further 0.5 millimetres (0.020 in) over previous targets. Smaller panel gaps are just one of the ways that Holden have developed the VE to pitch it against the European competitors.[10] Through the use of advanced steels and intensive design, the body structure is 50 percent stiffer than the outgoing model, benefiting from noise and vibration reductions, handling and crash safety.[11] However the new body has resulted in substantially increased weight over the outgoing model.[12]

The development of the new car led Holden to redesign the Elizabeth plant in South Australia so that entire sections of the car can be assembled off the foremost production line. This new production method allows for complete sub-sections like the engine and transmissions to be constructed seamlessly together on rigs that simplify production.[13] This process is applied to the front-end module of the VE Commodore, consisting of the headlights, bumpers, airbag sensors and other accessory components. It can be easily removed as one-piece leading to lower repair costs and easier access to the engine bay.[14] This design represents the first time such a method has been used within GM, and garnered the SAE Australasia's 2006 Automotive Engineering Excellence Award.[15] A modular design structure known within Holden as "Flex Vision" has been applied to the interior where fundamentally different components such as audio units and instrument clusters can be swapped out for the different Commodore variants, creating radically varied interior look and feel without much higher costs.[16] The upshot of this is much greater differentiation between the variants than the outgoing model creating three distinct interior looks, dubbed: Functional, Performance and Luxury. The closely related long-wheelbase WM Statesman/Caprice derivatives feature a fourth interior type referred to as Prestige.[17]

Additional detail touches were added to the VE, such as a new four-strut hinge system for the boot to replace space intrusive, much maligned "gooseneck" hinges as used on previous Commodores.[18] High-specification variants see expandable door pockets and a Saab-like "blackout" feature which illuminates only the speedometer at night to enhance driver focus on the road.[19] An innovative flush-fitting handbrake set into a symmetrical centre console means the lever can be easily reversed to sit on the opposite side of console for left-hand drive export markets, minimising redesign costs.[20]

[edit] Safety

Engine packaging became a contentious issue during development. Holden's designers wanted the engine positioned well behind the front axle to allow short overhangs and an overall sportier appearance, whereas the crash engineers were concerned that this would reduce the body's impact absorption in an accident. Negotiation between designers and crash engineers resulted in moving of some of the engine components, like the battery, into the boot freeing up valuable front-end space.[21] By having the engine moved back and further down, the VE Commodore also benefits from near perfect 50:50 weight distribution across all variants, leading to superior handling.[22] Crash engineers introduced several other safety initiatives, including relocating the fuel tank in front of the rear-axle line, instead of behind.[23] A more crash-resistant rear-end was also seen as necessary. The design though had to incorporate a spacious boot and a spare-wheel bay that could house the largest-sized wheel to be fitted to the car.[24] Crash test results from Australasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) rate the VE lower in the offset frontal impact test than the previous generation Commodore. The overall crash score was marginally higher than the outgoing VZ, due to improvements in side impact protection giving a score of 27.45 out of 37 or a four star rating out of a possible five.[25] Holden’s standardisation of six airbags in March 2008 made the VE eligible for the ANCAP side pole test, yielding additional scoring points. The second stage of the VE’s safety rollout included the addition of an energy absorbing steering column shroud and redesigned rear door latches across the VE range. The inclusion of a seat belt reminder on the Omega sedan yielded another point, thus allowing the Omega sedan to score five-stars.[26][27] Announced at the 2009 Melbourne International Motor Show on 27 February,[28] the Omega Sportwagon was the next model to be awarded the full five stars, following the addition of a seat belt reminder in Sportwagon production.[29]

[edit] Sportwagon

Unlike its predecessor, which utilised a longer wheelbase shared with the Statesman/Caprice, the Sportwagon (Calais with SV6/SS alloy wheels pictured) shares the sedan's 2.9-metre (9.5 ft) wheelbase.

Introduced in July 2008, the AU$110 million VE Sportwagon programme represented a departure from previous Commodore station wagons.[30] Holden was concerned that the traditional wagon market was being severely eroded by growing sport utility vehicle (SUV) sales and over-reliance on fleet purchasing.[31] Up to 90 percent of VZ wagons were bought by fleet companies and Holden sought to attract more retail customers.[32] The decision was made to develop a sportier, more stylish wagon as an alternative to SUVs. The Sportwagon, unlike the previous VZ wagon, which shared its long-wheelbase with the Statesman/Caprice is built on the same short-wheelbase platform as the sedan. This shift in thinking means cargo capacity is reduced from VZ's 1,402 litres (370 US gal) to 895 litres (236 US gal) but the sedan's near 50:50 weight distribution is retained.[33] The Sportwagon is styled with an aggressively sloping rear profile. To ensure the cargo opening is sufficiently large with such a profile, the tailgate hinges part way up the roof line, akin to the arrangement on the Chrysler 300 wagon and its Dodge Magnum twin.[34] The design of the tailgate is compact enough to open in just 268 millimetres (10.6 in) of space, a publicised feature in Sportwagon television commercials.[35]

Revisions were made to the suspension over the sedan's setup. These included stiffer springs, anti-roll bar changes and an additional ball-joint in the rear suspension to handle the extra load.[36] Weight increases by 91 kilograms (200 lb) over the sedan. Aggressive pricing means Sportwagon variants of each specification level receive a AU$1,000 premium over the sedan and are cheaper than the outgoing VZ wagons.[37]

[edit] Powertrains

Internal cut-away revealing the VE (Calais pictured) engine bay and suspension setup.

Holden, concerned about the risks of introducing a new platform and drivetrain at the same time, introduced the Australian-built Alloytec V6 engine in the proven VZ model. This allowed time to address any issues or faults before fitting it to the VE.[38] The original base V6 benefited from power increases over the VZ, with engine noise reduced by using new timing chains among other modifications.[39] An updated version of the long-serving four-speed GM 4L60-E automatic transmission remains for this engine. Manual transmission options comprise of the Aisin AY6 and Tremec T-56 six-speeders. Two automatics featuring Active Select; the five-speed GM 5L40-E and six-speed GM 6L80-E are also employed.[40] The latter is reserved exclusively for a modified L76 V8 engine, giving an extra 10 kilowatts (13 hp) of power compared to the VZ. This new engine designated L98 does not readily support fuel-saving Active Fuel Management technology, unlike the L76.[41]

The dual-fuel engine option (Berlina pictured) is able to run on LPG and regular 91 RON petrol.

In October 2006, Holden introduced a dual-fuel version of the Alloytec V6, available to the Omega and Berlina. Able to run on both petrol and LPG, it features an advanced sequential vapour gas injection (SVGI) system and hardened valve seats to cope. The dual-fuel V6 produces 5 kilowatts (6.7 hp) and 5 newton metres (3.7 lb·ft) less than the conventional V6 when run on LPG, for a total of 175 kilowatts (235 hp). Although LPG prices are lower, the engine uses a large 100 kilogram (220 lb) cylindrical gas tank which causes decreased boot space and slightly increased fuel consumption. Holden was able to take advantage of a loophole in government legislation, allowing an AU$2,000 rebate on LPG installation because the unit is fitted post-production by Holden's customisation arm HSVi.[42] Normally, people would only be entitled to a AU$1,000 rebate for new cars pre-installed with LPG.[43] Due to the possibility that these dual-fuel Commodores may have been fitted with undersized O-rings in the service valve hand tap, Holden issued a recall affecting the first 981 of these models on 10 April 2007.[44] There were also two VE recalls previous to this. The initial 16 October 2006 recall affecting 1,521 V8 Commodore and WM Statesman/Caprice models involved a faulty fuel hose, causing a fuel smell to enter the cabin.[45] A second 10 November 2006 recall affecting 12,830 Commodores and WM models built prior to 11 September 2006 resulted from defective rear seat belt anchors.[46] On 7 December 2007, another recall was issued for over 86,000 VE and WM V6 models. This was due to the possibility that one of the fuel lines in the engine compartment may have a rub condition with a fuel vapour hose clip, possibly causing a fuel smell to become evident.[47][48]

For the 2008 Australian International Motor Show in Sydney, Holden announced the standardisation of the "premium" Alloytec V6 across the Commodore range from 1 November 2008, whereas previously it had been reserved for the SV6 and Calais.[49][50] Omega and Berlina variants acquire variable valve timing, like the High Output engine, but not the "premium" dual exhaust system and the five-speed automatic transmission. These changes result in the base petrol V6 producing 5 kilowatts (6.7 hp) less power and 5 newton metres (3.7 lb·ft) less torque than the engine it replaces. However, Omega and Berlina sedans do benefit from a two percent fuel efficiency improvement, or four percent for wagons.[51] Additionally, emissions have also been reduced allowing petrol-powered variants to achieve Euro VI certification, a pending emission standard for European introduction in 2014. These changes extend further than the petrol engine as dual-fuel LPG variants benefit from an eight percent reduction in fuel economy when run on LPG.[52] This reduced fuel consumption does however, come at a cost—LPG-equipped models are rated at 318 newton metres (235 lb·ft), 7 newton metres (5.2 lb·ft) less than before.[53]

Also announced at the 2008 motor show was a version of the 6.0 litre V8 engine fitted with Active Fuel Management (AFM) technology, known as the L76. Originally omitted from the L98 V8, AFM aids fuel consumption under light engine loads, although it is available only when paired with the automatic transmission and power output is reduced by 10 kilowatts (13 hp).[54] The announcement of AFM coincided with the announcement of EcoLine, a badge highlighting Holden vehicles employing fuel saving technologies or those powered by fuels other than petrol. For the VE Commodore, both AFM and LPG-powered versions fall under the EcoLine umbrella.[55] On 7 April 2009, Holden announced that dealerships were receiving their first deliveries of EcoLine-branded models.[56]

Engine displacement; configuration Engine Power[57] Torque Transmission Fuel type Fuel consumption (sedan)[58] Production
3.6 L (3564 cc); V6 Alloytec 180 kW (240 hp) 330 N·m (243 lb·ft) 4-speed GM 4L60-E automatic Petrol 10.9 L/100 km (21.6 mpg U.S.) 2006–2007
10.8 L/100 km (21.8 mpg U.S.) 2007–2008
175 kW (235 hp) 325 N·m (240 lb·ft) 10.6 L/100 km (22.2 mpg U.S.) 2008–2009
Petrol/LPG (dual fuel)[59] 16.0 L/100 km (14.7 mpg U.S.) 2006–2007
15.5 L/100 km (15.2 mpg U.S.) 2007–2008
318 N·m (235 lb·ft) 14.2 L/100 km (16.6 mpg U.S.) 2008–2009
High Output Alloytec 195 kW (261 hp) 340 N·m (251 lb·ft) 6-speed Aisin AY6 manual Petrol 11.0 L/100 km (21.4 mpg U.S.) 2006–2009
5-speed GM 5L40-E automatic 11.3 L/100 km (20.8 mpg U.S.)
6.0 L (5967 cc); V8[60] Generation 4 Alloy 270 kW (360 hp) 530 N·m (391 lb·ft) 6-speed Tremec T-56 manual 14.4 L/100 km (16.3 mpg U.S.)
6-speed GM 6L80-E automatic 14.3 L/100 km (16.4 mpg U.S.) 2006–2008
13.9 L/100 km (16.9 mpg U.S.) 2008–2009
Generation 4 Alloy AFM 260 kW (350 hp) 517 N·m (381 lb·ft) 12.9 L/100 km (18.2 mpg U.S.) 2009

[edit] Specification levels

Police-specification Omega sedan, characterised by silver-coloured steel wheels in lieu of the standard Omega's hubcaps.
Over the base model Omega, the limited edition Commodore V sedan gained air conditioning, alloy wheels, a rear spoiler and the special "V-Series" badging.

[edit] Commodore Omega

Replacing the outgoing Commodore Executive and Acclaim, the Omega offers a halfway point in terms of equipment levels.[61] The most significant gain over the Executive is the electronic stability control system (Bosch version 8.0) now standard across the range.[62] Like all VE models, the Omega uses a "space saver" spare tyre, which has come under scrutiny. The tyre can be driven for 500 kilometres (300 mi) at a maximum speed of 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). Concerns have been raised by the public over its usefulness in remote Australian outback areas, far from any tyre repair centres and asserts that it is a cost-cutting measure.[63] Similar concerns have been raised in the media, although Holden maintains that this is a weight-saving feature and allows for full-size spare tyres to be purchased at an additional cost.[64] Likewise, critics found the omission of standard air conditioning for the Omega model unforgivable, given both the overall hot Australian climate, and the cost of the car.[65] This, however, was rectified in the MY09 upgrade of the Omega (see below).[66]

In a bid to increase sales, Holden have offered three limited edition "value added" models based on the Omega:

  • Commodore V-Series: introduced in October 2006, the Commodore V featured air conditioning, a sports-oriented body kit including 17 inch alloy wheels, a rear spoiler and colour-matched wing mirrors and exterior door handles.[67]
  • Commodore Lumina: debuted in June 2007 with a luxury theme including the Berlina grille and the original Calais V seven-spoke alloy wheels. Specified identically to the V-Series with exception to the rear spoiler, the Lumina saw the addition of rear parking sensors and Bluetooth connectivity.[68]
  • Commodore 60th Anniversary: released on 1 May 2008 to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the 48-215, Holden's first vehicle. Aside from the unique 18 inch alloy wheels, leather seat inserts, and "60th Anniversary" badging, the anniversary model is essentially identical to the Lumina in terms of both equipment and styling.[69]
  • Commodore International: sedans and Sportwagons entered production in mid-March 2009. Internationals are appointed with launch VE Calais V alloy wheels, front foglamps, a six-disc CD changer, leather upholstered trim and steering wheel, Bluetooth connectivity and rear park assist.[28]

[edit] Commodore SV6

Building on the Omega, the SV6 is equipped with the more powerful High Output variant of the Alloytec V6 engine, coupled to a six-speed manual or five-speed automatic transmission. Air conditioning, a key feature missing on the launch Omega, came standard on the SV6. A body kit and sports suspension similar to the V8 Commodore SS/SS V variants is also fitted. The SV6 sports the Performance interior look, characterised by an accentuated matte black centre console and red lighting, as opposed to the silver Functional-style interior of the Omega.[70]

The SV6 shares its appearance with the SS (pictured) and up-spec SS V, but is fitted with the High Output V6 engine as opposed to the V8 fitted to the SS and SS V.
Two-door Ute in SS V specification, sporting five-spoke alloy wheels.
Entry-level sports SV6, with multi-spoke alloy wheels and rear spolier.
Calais (pictured) and Calais V varinats acquire more upmarket tail lamp lenses over the Berlina's setup.

[edit] Commodore SS

Offering similar equipment levels to the SV6, the Commodore SS uses the 6.0 litre V8 engine and T-56 six-speed manual transmission. The SS is recognisable from its quad exhaust outlets in place of the SV6 dual outlets. The resulting specification level is much higher than the outgoing minimalist SV8 and only missing a few cosmetic touches of the previous flagship Commodore SS.[70] Since its release, the SS has won two consecutive (2006 and 2007) Bang For Your Bucks awards, a Motor magazine initiative. The judges gave preference to the SS the second-time-round because "the VE Commodore SS really does represent the biggest bang you'll ever get for your bucks like these."[71]

A more upmarket SS, the SS V-Series represents the first time this type of naming has been applied to Holden products. The V-Series naming is reminiscent of the V-badging on selected Cadillac models, another member of the GM family. The badge design on the bootlid bears strong resemblance to the ones used by Cadillac. But whereas Cadillac uses it to signify high-performance versions of its products, Holden V-Series variants boast extra features. The V-Series variants were introduced, largely due to a fully optioned Commodore SS in the VZ range being rather successful.[72] The SS V offers extra luxuries at a similar price point to the preceding SS. Inside, it is recognisable by the metallic look pedals and instruments matched with the exterior colour. Additionally, the entire dashboard can be optioned in a range of loud colours: bright red, orange or black.[73] The SS V exterior is equally adventurous, exhibiting five-spoke 19 inch (480 mm) alloy wheels and the option of larger 20 inch (500 mm) wheels: the largest wheels ever fitted to a Holden car.[70]

  • SS V 60th Anniversary: like the 60th Anniversary Omega-based edition, the SS V pack launched on 1 May 2008. Over the standard production SS V, the anniversary model added 10-spoke 20 inches (510 mm) alloy wheels, satellite navigation, rear parking sensors, a high-mounted rear spoiler, chrome exterior door handle highlights and "60th Anniversary" badging and floor mats.[69]

[edit] Berlina

Priced lower than the outgoing model, the second tier Berlina retains a similar amount of equipment. The exterior styling is similar to the Omega but gaining extra touches such as front fog lamps and seven-spoke 17 inch (430 mm) alloy wheels. It features the Luxury-type interior with a large LCD centre display and is the only model in the VE range that features wood grain highlights.[70] These accents were removed during early 2007 and replaced with a matte silver dashboard strip (see below).

[edit] Calais

Like the Berlina, the Calais retains the features of the outgoing model but at a significantly lower price point. Offering a blend of luxury and sporting character, it pairs the High Output Alloytec V6 engine of the SV6 with the five-speed automatic transmission. Unlike the previous model Calais which featured a semi-sport suspension setup known as FE1.5, the VE shares the Commodore SS/SS V stiff sports suspension. Like the SS, an upscale V-Series edition is available.[70] Being the flagship of the Commodore range, it comes with everything the VE has to offer and serves as a stepping stone to the luxury long-wheelbase Statesman/Caprice range based on the VE.[74]

  • Calais V International:
  • Calais V 60th Anniversary:
Specification level Body style(s) Engine(s) Fuel Transmission(s) Wheelbase Length Width Height Kerb weight
Omega Ute 3.6 L Alloytec High Output V6 Petrol 6-speed Aisin AY6 manual 3,009 mm (118.5 in) 5,055 mm (199.0 in) 2,100 mm (82.7 in) 1,497 mm (58.9 in) 1,711 kg (3,770 lb)
3.6 L Alloytec V6 4-speed GM 4L60E automatic 1,697 kg (3,740 lb)
3.6 L Alloytec V6 Petrol/LPG 1,745 kg (3,850 lb)
Sedan 3.6 L Alloytec V6 Petrol 2,915 mm (114.8 in) 4,894 mm (192.7 in) 1,899 mm (74.8 in) 1,476 mm (58.1 in) 1,690 kg (3,700 lb)
Petrol/LPG
Sportwagon Petrol 4,897 mm (192.8 in) 1,785 kg (3,940 lb)

[edit] Market, sales and running changes

As a part of Holden's global export drive, VE Commodores have been exported to North America since 2008 as the Pontiac G8. However, the front bumper, bonnet and grille have been modified to integrate with Pontiac's own design language.
Australian sales[75]
Year Units sold
2006 (August–December) 22,281[76]
2007 57,307[77]
2008 51,093[77]
2009 (January–May) 21,652
Total 152,334

Official manufacture began at Holden's Elizabeth, South Australia production facility on 13 July 2006.[78] Three days later, Holden publicly revealed the car at the Melbourne Convention Centre, broadcasted simultaneously via the Internet. The launch occurred alongside that of the flagship WM Statesman/Caprice.[79] Previous to this, Holden announced that VE station wagon and utility variants would be postponed and the VZ equivalents would remain in production.[80] Sales of the VE-based Ute commenced on 22 August 2007.[81] This was shortly followed by the unveiling of a Sportwagon concept,[82] the production version of which was released in July 2008.[32]

At the time of launch in Australia, Ford’s BF Falcon directly competed with the VE Commodore.[83] In November 2006 Toyota released their key Aurion model to the Australian market.[84] The front-wheel drive Mitsubishi 380 also indirectly competed with the Holden Commodore but has since been discontinued.[85]

The VE Commodore was well received in the Australian market, where it has consistently outsold rivals in the large car segment. Sales at one point were nearly double that of its closest segment competitor, the Ford Falcon.[86] However, this gap has narrowed since the release of a new Falcon FG model.[87] VE's position as Australia's outright best selling car was challenged in 2007 and overtaken during some months in 2008 by the Toyota Corolla in the face of increasing petrol prices.[88][89][90] However, the release of the Sportwagon in mid-2008 has helped to re-establish its number one sales position by accounting for more than 30 percent of total Commodore sales.[91] In 2007 the VE Commodore became the fifth Commodore model to receive the prestigious Wheels Car of the Year award.[92]

The MY09 upgrade of March 2008 standardised air conditioning, six airbags, alloy wheels and colour-coded exterior trim on the Omega.
Calais Sportwagon with the MY09 seven-spoke alloy wheels in lieu of the previous five-spoke Calais design.

Apart from being sold in Australia, the full range is also available in New Zealand, while in the Middle East and South Africa the Commodore is re-branded as the Chevrolet Lumina.[93] Sales of the Berlina began in 2007 for Brazilian market as the Chevrolet Omega,[94] while exports to the United States began in 2008 badged as the Pontiac G8 in a deal to last the life cycle of the car.[95] Unlike the Chevrolet Lumina and Omega, the Pontiac receives several unique features including a revised L76 engine with Active Fuel Management as opposed to the Commodore's L98, and appearance changes.[96]

[edit] Model year changes

From the VZ model onwards, Holden ceased the long-standing tradition of offering "Series II" and occasional "Series III" revisions to the Commodore range and its derivatives. Holden have instead implemented a series running changes over VE's lifetime, signified by model year (MY) changes:

  • MY08: models came in April 2007. The wood grain dashboard strip on the Berlina was replaced by a matte silver insert. Also, the recessed buttons on the Omega key fob were now raised and made of a more durable plastic. This did not affect the remaining variants, fitted with the "flip-out" key fob from launch.
  • MY08.5: changes from August 2007 coincided with launch of the VE Ute.[97]
  • MY09: models were launched on 15 March 2008. Six airbags were made standard across the range—Omega and SV6 variants were previously fitted with two and four airbags respectively. Omega models also received the standard fitment of air conditioning, 16 inch alloy wheels, body colour wing mirrors and door handles, and a new grille insert with chrome highlights.[66] Revised alloy wheel designs were featured on the Calais (seven-spoke) and Calais V (10-spoke).
  • MY09.5: upgrades affected models ordered from 21 October 2008. Instrument cluster illumination was commonised to white. The turn-by-turn satellite navigation and Berlina V8 options were deleted. Engine wise, the "premium" version of the Alloytec V6 was now fitted on the Omega and Berlina, bringing improved fuel consumption and a slight reduction in engine output (see above).[98] A range of safety upgrades were also introduced (see above).[99] Further MY09.5 changes were introduced in March 2009. The space-saver spare wheel was deleted and replaced by two no-cost options: either a lightweight tyre inflator kit or a full-size spare wheel (previously an extra cost).[100] Sportwagon Calais V and SS V variants receive an alloy spare wheel if the full-size spare is chosen, while the remainder of the line-up receives a steel wheel spare.[101] The safety improvements made to the Omega sedan from October production onwards were also introduced for the Omega Sportwagon (see above).[29] The EcoLine variants announced the late in 2008 were also introduced around this time (see above). With the new EcoLine badging, the "V-Series" insignia used on SS V and Calais V models was deleted, replaced by a single "SS V" and "Calais V" badge.

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ "Commodore VE: Tested to destruction". The Daily Telegraph. News Limited. 2006-07-26. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/research/story/commodore_ve_tested_to_destruction/. Retrieved on 2008-01-22. 
  2. ^ McCarthy, McKay, Newton, Robinson, p. 34–41
  3. ^ McCarthy, McKay, Newton, Robinson, p. 44–46
  4. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 34–35
  5. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 53
  6. ^ a b McCarthy, McKay, Newton, Robinson, p. 31
  7. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 55–56
  8. ^ Butler, Dowling, Hagon, Newton, p. 30
  9. ^ "Denny Mooney". General Motors. Archived from the original on 2007-08-08. http://web.archive.org/web/20070808071900/http://media.gm.com/aus/holden/en/company/people/bios/mooney.html. 
  10. ^ Hagon, Toby (2006-07-17). "VE News: Inside the Commodore". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=18482. Retrieved on 2007-03-29. 
  11. ^ Hagon, Toby (2006-07-25). "VE News: VE Commodore a body-builder". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=18750. Retrieved on 2007-04-11. 
  12. ^ Butler, Dowling, Hagon, Newton, p. 28
  13. ^ Hutton, Deborah; Skaife, Mark. (2006-08-26). Billion Dollar Baby—The making of the VE Commodore. [Documentary]. Port Melbourne, Victoria: GM Holden. Event occurs at 4:04. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hj_kCXlsGow. Retrieved on 2008-03-18. 
  14. ^ Newton, Bruce (2006-07-25). "VE News: Crash costs down for VE Commodore". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=18752. Retrieved on 2006-11-01. 
  15. ^ "2006 Automotive Engineering Excellence Awards" (PDF). Society of Automotive Engineers Australasia. 2006-08-12. http://www.sae-a.com.au/pdf/Media%20Releases/Media%20Release%20-%20Awards%202006.pdf. Retrieved on 2006-11-01. 
  16. ^ Butler, Dowling, Hagon, Newton, p. 20
  17. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 81–82
  18. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 52–53
  19. ^ Butler, Dowling, Hagon, Newton, p. 21, 23
  20. ^ McCarthy, McKay, Newton, Robinson, p. 51–52
  21. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 51–52
  22. ^ Pettendy, Marton (2006-08-03). "First drive: VE sets a new Aussie benchmark". GoAuto. John Mellor. http://www.goauto.com.au/Mellor/Mellor.Nsf/story2/F4D70F02072A0CD5CA2571BE000EE2C1. Retrieved on 2008-03-27. 
  23. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 54
  24. ^ McCarthy, McKay, Newton, Robinson, p. 36
  25. ^ Downling, Joshua (2007-06-15). "Why don't we build a five-star car?". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=40948&vf=7&pg=2&IsPgd=0. Retrieved on 2007-06-25. 
  26. ^ "Commodore achieves Five-Star ANCAP rating". Australian Car Advice. 2008-12-04. http://www.caradvice.com.au/19414/commodore-achieves-five-star-ancap-rating/. Retrieved on 2008-12-04. 
  27. ^ Heasley, Andrew (2008-12-04). "Commodore scores five-star safety rating, but only one model". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=59407. Retrieved on 2008-12-04. 
  28. ^ a b "All-New Cruze Headlines Holden Stand". General Motors. 2009-02-27. http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewpressreldetail.do?domain=20&docid=52463. Retrieved on 2009-02-27. 
  29. ^ a b "Holden Sportwagon earns top marks". CarPoint. ninemsn. 2008-03-02. http://editorial.carpoint.com.au/news/2009/large-passenger/holden/sportwagon/holden-sportwagon-earns-top-marks-14357. Retrieved on 2009-03-02. 
  30. ^ "2008 Holden Sportwagon first steer". Australian Car Advice. 2008-07-11. http://www.caradvice.com.au/14358/2008-holden-sportwagon-first-steer/. Retrieved on 2008-07-23. 
  31. ^ Stevens, Samantha (2008-07-11). "Five with Ferlazzo". Wheels magazine. ninemsn. http://wheelsmag.com.au/News/Five+with+Ferlazzo.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-22. 
  32. ^ a b Dowling, Neil (2008-07-11). "Holden VE Sportwagon". Herald Sun. The Herald and Weekly Times. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/research/story/2008_holden_commodore_sportwagon/. Retrieved on 2008-07-22. 
  33. ^ "First drive: Holden VE Sportwagon". Herald Sun. News Limited. 2007-07-11. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/motoring-news/story/first_drive_holden_ve_sportswagon/. Retrieved on 2008-07-22. 
  34. ^ "VE Sportwagon". Wheels magazine. ninemsn. 2007-10-01. http://www.wheelsmag.com.au/wheels/site/articleIDs/18032C59FE0EE80CCA2573910015D291. Retrieved on 2008-07-23. 
  35. ^ Quirk, Brendan (2008-06-12). "Holden sports a sleek new star: Sportwagon". The Courier-Mail. Queensland Newspapers. http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,23997309-5010760,00.html. Retrieved on 2008-08-02. 
  36. ^ Carey, John (2008-07-11). "Launch Pad: Holden Sportwagon". Wheels magazine. ninemsn. http://wheelsmag.com.au/News/LAUNCH+PAD:+Holden+Sportwagon.html. Retrieved on 2008-07-22. 
  37. ^ "MIMS: Sportwagon hits the market at sedan plus $1000". CarPoint. ninemsn. 2008-02-29. http://editorial.carpoint.com.au/car-review/2899277.aspx. Retrieved on 2008-07-22. 
  38. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 105
  39. ^ Butler, Dowling, Hagon, Newton, p. 32
  40. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 214–215
  41. ^ Newton, Bruce (2006-09-20). "Holden Calais V V8". The Age. Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=20165&vf=1. Retrieved on 2007-01-12. 
  42. ^ "Dual-Fuel VE Holden Commodore". WebWombat. 2006-10-25. http://www.webwombat.com.au/motoring/news_reports/dual-fuel-ve-commodore.htm. Retrieved on 2008-03-27. 
  43. ^ "LPG Vehicle Scheme". AusIndustry. http://www.ausindustry.gov.au/content/level3index.cfm?ObjectID=D47685C8-0B0B-459C-B07A2EFBDB3D4AF7&L2Parent=. Retrieved on 2006-12-11. 
  44. ^ "Holden VE & VZ Series Vehicles - LPG Service Valve Hand Tap". Product Recalls Australia. http://www.recalls.gov.au/view_recall_detail.php?Recall_ID_Auto=14798. Retrieved on 2008-01-13. 
  45. ^ "Holden Commodore VE & WM Series - Fuel Hose". Product Recalls Australia. http://www.recalls.gov.au/view_recall_detail.php?Recall_ID_Auto=14434. Retrieved on 2006-11-12. 
  46. ^ "Holden Commodore VE & WM Series - Rear Seat Belt Buckle". Product Recalls Australia. 2006-11-10. http://www.recalls.gov.au/view_recall_detail.php?Recall_ID_Auto=14482. Retrieved on 2008-01-13. 
  47. ^ "Holden - VE and WM models". Product Recalls Australia. http://www.recalls.gov.au/view_recall_detail.php?Recall_ID_Auto=15372. Retrieved on 2008-01-13. 
  48. ^ Duncan, Jamie (2008-01-07). "Top-selling Holden Commodore recalled". News Limited. http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,23019030-29277,00.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-13. 
  49. ^ "Motor Show Line Up Promotes Energy Diversity". GM Holden. 2008-10-08. http://www.holden.com.au/www-holden/action/news?categoryID=6&articleID=1675&navCategoryId=all. Retrieved on 2008-10-14. 
  50. ^ "Commodore demoted". CarPoint. ninemsn. 2008-10-31. http://www.carpoint.com.au/car-review/3000967.aspx. Retrieved on 2008-11-03. 
  51. ^ Pettendy, Marton (2008-10-10). "AFM for V8, not V6". GoAuto. John Mellor. http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/AF625ED46B2D9F3CCA2574DE00062E75. Retrieved on 2008-10-14. 
  52. ^ "Economy improves for Commodore". Australian Car Advice. 2008-10-31. http://www.caradvice.com.au/18491/economy-improves-for-commodore/. Retrieved on 2008-10-31. 
  53. ^ Spinks, Jez (2009-02-14). "Running the rule over LPG options". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=60920. Retrieved on 2009-02-17. 
  54. ^ Colquhoun, Steve (2009-01-02). "Holden sacrifices V8 power for economy". The Age. Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=59953. Retrieved on 2009-01-09. 
  55. ^ "Holden EcoLine: Australian International Motor Show 2008". WebWombat. 2008-10-09. http://www.webwombat.com.au/motoring/news_reports/holden-active-fuel-management-volt.htm. Retrieved on 2009-01-09. 
  56. ^ "GM Holden EcoLine Badge Highlights Alternative Range". General Motors. 2009-04-07. http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewpressreldetail.do?domain=20&docid=53541. Retrieved on 2009-04-07. 
  57. ^ Power figures are measured in accordance with the ECE standard.
  58. ^ Fuel consumption figures are measured in accordance with the ADR 81/01 standard. Fuel economy figures also vary between body styles and specification levels.
  59. ^ Performance and fuel economy figures attained when running on LPG. The engine will produce the same figures as the conventional Alloytec V6 when run on petrol, with economy rated at 11.7 L/100 km (20.1 mpg U.S.) for the original-release engine.
  60. ^ Performance figures attained when running on 98 RON premium unleaded fuel. Using 91 RON fuel will result in slightly lower power and fuel economy.
  61. ^ Davis, Tony; Kennedy, Alistair; Kennedy, Ewan (February 2007). "The Holden Heritage - 13th Edition (Part Three)" (PDF). GM Holden. 29–30. http://media.gmcanada.com:8221/aus/holden/en/company/history/HH13Part3.pdf. Retrieved on 2007-05-09. 
  62. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 101–102
  63. ^ Dowling, Joshua; Hudson, Jaedene (2006-07-21). "VE News: Commodore's $3500 tyre change". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?articleID=18630&vf=3. Retrieved on 2007-03-12. 
  64. ^ "VE News: Did Holden mislead over tyres?". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. 2006-07-21. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=18632. Retrieved on 2006-11-12. 
  65. ^ "Holden VE Commodore Pricing". Australia Car Advice. 2006-07-20. http://www.caradvice.com.au/561/holden-ve-commodore-pricing/. Retrieved on 2007-03-06. 
  66. ^ a b "Six Airbags Standard Across Commodore Range". General Motors. 2008-03-07. http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewmonthlyreleasedetail.do?domain=21&docid=44344. Retrieved on 2008-03-14. 
  67. ^ "VE Commodore: How much?". CarPoint. ninemsn. 2006-07-18. http://carpoint.com.au/car-review/1908271.aspx. Retrieved on 2007-11-17. 
  68. ^ "Holden VE Commodore Lumina Sedan Special Edition". Australian Car Advice. 2007-06-21. http://www.caradvice.com.au/3313/holden-ve-commodore-lumina-sedan-special-edition/. Retrieved on 2007-11-17. 
  69. ^ a b Martin, Terry (2008-04-01). "60th anniversary Holden special editions offer up to $8000 of extra value". GoAuto. John Mellor. http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story/B648DAFF644E11DFCA25741E0005C976. Retrieved on 2008-09-06. 
  70. ^ a b c d e McKinnon, Bill (2006-08-19). "Holden VE Commodore". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=19420&vf=3. Retrieved on 2007-03-09. 
  71. ^ Morley, David (September 2007). "Lion King II". Wheels magazine (ACP Magazines): 89. 
  72. ^ Hagon, Toby (2006-07-16). "New names, features for VE Commodore". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=18448. Retrieved on 2007-02-24. 
  73. ^ McCarthy, McKay, Newton, Robinson, p. 94
  74. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 205
  75. ^ Sales figures cover shifted units of VE sedans and VZ Commodore station wagons, along with Commodore-based HSV-modified vehicles.
  76. ^ August and September 2006 sales include only VE sales figures, and not VZs; subsequent figures include both.
  77. ^ a b Spinks, Jez (2009-05-05). "Bitter-sweet victory for Commodore". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=59992. 
  78. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 158
  79. ^ Robinson (2006), p. 12–13
  80. ^ "Holden VE Ute and Wagon". Australian Car Advice. 2006-08-03. http://www.caradvice.com.au/670/holden-ve-ute-wagon/. Retrieved on 2007-01-12. 
  81. ^ Torr, Feann (2007-08-22). "Holden VE Ute". WebWombat. http://www.webwombat.com.au/motoring/news_reports/holden-ve-ute.htm. Retrieved on 2007-10-02. 
  82. ^ "Holden wagon: Could this be the estate of the nation?". Wheels magazine (ACP Magazines): 17. November 2007. 
  83. ^ Stanford, James (2006-10-20). "Ford Falcon BF MkII: back in the fight". Herald Sun. The Herald and Weekly Times. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/research/story/ford_falcon_bf_mkii_back_in_the_fight/. Retrieved on 2008-01-22. 
  84. ^ Robinson, Peter (November 2006). "Back from the dread". Wheels magazine (Australian Consolidated Press): 53. http://editorial.carsales.com.au/car-review/2279191.aspx. Retrieved on 2008-01-20. 
  85. ^ Morley, David (2008-04-01). "Mitsubishi 380". The Age. News Limited. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=50869. Retrieved on 2008-04-02. 
  86. ^ Montgomery, Garth (2006-11-03). "Holden VE Commodore sales fail to revive market". News Interactive. News Limited. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/research/story/holden_ve_commodore_sales_fail_to_revive_market/. Retrieved on 2008-01-22. 
  87. ^ Stanford, James (2008-06-06). "New Falcon closes gap to Commodore in May". GoAuto. John Mellor. http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/FF40B9C9620DC067CA2574600003150B. Retrieved on 2009-05-05. 
  88. ^ "Smaller cars power ahead". Herald Sun. The Herald and Weekly Times. 2007-02-09. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/research/story/smaller_cars_power_ahead/. Retrieved on 2008-01-22. 
  89. ^ Spinks, Jez (2007-07-04). "New Corolla pips Commodore in sales debut". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=41446&vf=7. Retrieved on 2007-07-04. 
  90. ^ Gover, Paul (2008-07-11). "Corolla conquering all". Herald Sun. The Herald and Weekly Times. http://carsguide.news.com.au/site/motoring-news/story/corolla_conquering_all/. Retrieved on 2008-07-22. 
  91. ^ Fewster, Dan (2008-09-04). "Commodore back to being best selling nameplate thanks to Sportwagon sales". The Motor Report. http://www.themotorreport.com.au/7307/sportwagon-puts-holden-back-on-top/. Retrieved on 2008-10-16. 
  92. ^ "2006 Wheels Car of the Year: Holden VE Commodore". Wheels magazine (ACP Magazines): 112–118. February 2007. http://wheelsmag.com.au/wheels/a/11B5D96730974B1DCA257282000543A8.html. Retrieved on 2007-03-10. 
  93. ^ "First Look : 2007 Chevrolet Lumina". DriveArabia. http://www.drivearabia.com/chevrolet/chevroletlumina07.html. Retrieved on 2006-11-24. 
  94. ^ Pettendy, Marton (2007-07-05). "Commodore goes to Rio". GoAuto. John Mellor. http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/E9AB3A07C912C8B5CA25730F002176DB. Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 
  95. ^ Dowling, Joshua (2008-03-20). "Brawn in the USA". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=50348&vf=2&IsPgd=0. Retrieved on 2008-03-29. 
  96. ^ Hagon, Toby (2008-03-20). "First drive: Pontiac G8". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/MiniSite/MiniSiteArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=50329&vf=28&MiniSiteID=10. Retrieved on 2008-09-12. 
  97. ^ "Holden VE Ute Revealed!". Australian Car Advice. 2007-08-22. http://www.caradvice.com.au/4850/ve-ute-revealed/. Retrieved on 2009-02-14. 
  98. ^ "2009 Holden VE & WM specification changes". Australian Car Advice. 2008-10-21. http://www.caradvice.com.au/17922/2009-holden-ve-wm-specification-changes/. Retrieved on 2008-10-22. 
  99. ^ Heasley, Andrew (2008-12-04). "Commodore scores five-star safety rating, but only one model". Fairfax Media. http://www.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=59407. Retrieved on 2008-12-06. 
  100. ^ Pettendy, Marton (2009-01-20). "Commodore gets new spare options". GoAuto. John Mellor. http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/192D2CFFBB09B20CCA2575440005FB46. Retrieved on 2009-01-21. 
  101. ^ "Holden reinvents the (spare) wheel". CarPoint. ninemsn. 2009-01-20. http://www.carpoint.com.au/news/2009/holden/holden-reinvents-the-spare-wheel-12967. Retrieved on 2009-01-21. 

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