1970 Atlantic hurricane season

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1970 Atlantic hurricane season

Season summary map
First storm formed:	May 17, 1970
Last storm dissipated:	October 28, 1970
Strongest storm:	Celia – 945 mbar (hPa) (27.92 inHg), 125 mph (205 km/h) (1-minute sustained)
Total storms:	10
Hurricanes:	5
Major hurricanes (Cat. 3+):	2
Total fatalities:	71
Total damage:	At least $453.8 million (1970 USD) At least $2.5 billion (2009 USD)
Atlantic hurricane seasons 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972

The 1970 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1970, and lasted until November 30, 1970. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The season was fairly average, with 10 total storms forming, of which five were hurricanes.

Notable storms of 1970 include Hurricane Celia, which killed 20 and caused $453.8 million in damages as it passed over Cuba and into Corpus Christi, Texas; and Tropical Storm Dorothy, which killed 51, most in Martinique.

Contents 1 Storms 1.1 Hurricane Alma 1.2 Tropical Storm Becky 1.3 Hurricane Celia 1.4 Tropical Storm Four 1.5 Tropical Storm Dorothy 1.6 Hurricane Ella 1.7 Tropical Storm Felice 1.8 Tropical Storm Greta 1.9 Hurricane Nine 1.10 Hurricane Ten 2 Storm names 2.1 Retirement 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Storms

[edit] Hurricane Alma

Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration	May 17 – May 26
Intensity	80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min), 993 mbar (hPa)

An area of disturbed weather persisted over the southwestern Caribbean Sea in the middle of May. It gradually organized, and a tropical depression formed on May 17. In response to low shear aloft and warm water temperatures, the depression rapidly strengthened on the 20th, becoming a storm early in the day and a hurricane by night. This did not last, and Alma weakened to a storm on the 21st and a depression the following day, mostly due to upper-level shear. The depression continued its general northward movement, with a brief jog to the west, and hit Cuba on the 24th as a 30 mph (48 km/h) tropical depression. As Alma crossed the eastern Gulf of Mexico, it retained a very well defined circulation with an eye appearing on radar, but shear limited convection and strength. Alma crossed the Florida coast on the 25th, and became extratropical 2 days later over North Carolina.

Alma was one of only three May hurricanes during the 20th century in the Atlantic basin. The others were Able in 1951 and an unnamed storm in 1908.

[edit] Tropical Storm Becky

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration	July 19 – July 23
Intensity	65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min), 1003 mbar (hPa)

A rain system from the Intertropical Convergence Zone near Panama joined a low-level vortex over the northwest Caribbean, becoming a tropical depression on July 19. The next day it organized over the Yucatan Channel and became Tropical Storm Becky. Becky reached a peak of 65 mph (105 km/h) winds over the eastern Gulf of Mexico, but upper level winds weakened it to a tropical depression prior its Florida Panhandle landfall on the 22nd. The storm weakened further over land, and dissipated over western Kentucky on the 23rd.

[edit] Hurricane Celia

Category 3 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration	July 31 – August 5
Intensity	125 mph (205 km/h) (1-min), 945 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Celia developed from a tropical wave moving through the Caribbean, becoming a tropical depression on July 31 and a tropical storm on August 1. In the Gulf of Mexico, it rapidly became a major hurricane, but weakened steadily to an 85 mph (137 km/h) hurricane. On the 3rd, it again rapidly strengthened to a major hurricane, this time reaching 125 mph (201 km/h) winds prior to its Texas landfall. Celia killed 20 due to extreme gusts, and caused $453.8 million in damage.^[1]

[edit] Tropical Storm Four

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration	August 15 – August 18
Intensity	70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min), 992 mbar (hPa)

A tropical depression formed in the western Atlantic Ocean near the Bahamas on August 15. It moved northwestward for a day, followed by a northeast motion for another day, but it remained weak. On the 18th, in combination with baroclinic processes, the depression strengthened rapidly to a 70 mph (110 km/h) tropical storm prior to becoming extratropical on the 19th south of Newfoundland.

[edit] Tropical Storm Dorothy

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration	August 17 – August 23
Intensity	70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min), 996 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave led to a tropical depression beginning 500 miles (800 km) east of the Lesser Antilles on August 17. As it moved west-northwestward, it slowly strengthened, reaching tropical storm strength on the 19th. On the 20th, it reached its peak of 70 mph (110 km/h) while moving through the islands, but an upper-level cold-core trough destroyed Dorothy on the 23rd.

Some sources claim Dorothy killed up to 51 people while crossing Dominica and Martinique.[1]

[edit] Hurricane Ella

Category 3 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration	September 8 – September 13
Intensity	125 mph (205 km/h) (1-min), 967 mbar (hPa)

Hurricane Ella developed from a surface trough near the Swan Islands in the western Caribbean on September 8. It moved northwestward without strengthening, but on the 10th, as it moved into the Gulf of Mexico, it rapidly strengthened into a tropical storm, and a hurricane 6 hours later. Hurricane Ella gradually intensified prior to landfall, reaching 125 mph (201 km/h) winds on the 12th just before hitting the La Pesca/Soto la Marina area of the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. Ella rapidly dissipated over land.

[edit] Tropical Storm Felice

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration	September 12 – September 17
Intensity	70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min), 997 mbar (hPa)

An upper level trough led to the formation of a tropical depression on September 12 over the southern Bahamas. Land interaction limited strength initially, but as it moved into the Gulf of Mexico, it was able to strengthen to a 70 mph (110 km/h) tropical storm. Shortly after its peak Felice moved inland near High Island, Texas on September 16, and dissipated as a tropical cyclone the next day over northeastern Texas. The remnant low tracked slowly east-northeast across Arkansas before dissipating on September 19.

[edit] Tropical Storm Greta

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration	September 26 – October 5
Intensity	50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min), 1005 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Storm Greta began quickly, forming as a tropical storm from a tropical wave over the Bahamas on September 26. Greta did not develop any further, and soon became disorganized, weakening to a tropical depression the next day as it crossed the Florida Keys. The depression moved across the Gulf of Mexico without strengthening, and eventually hit the coast of Tampico, Tamaulipas, on the 4th, where it dissipated shortly thereafter.

[edit] Hurricane Nine

Category 2 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration	October 12 – October 17
Intensity	105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min), 974 mbar (hPa)

An elongated cold-core circulation north of Puerto Rico organized enough to be called a subtropical depression on October 12. The next day it reached storm intensity, and after a drift to the west, reached hurricane intensity on the 16th. On the 16th it passed by Bermuda, but damage was minimal. Baroclinic processes let the storm reach a peak of 100 mph (160 km/h) winds before becoming extratropical on the 17th.

[edit] Hurricane Ten

Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration	October 20 – October 28
Intensity	75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min), 988 mbar (hPa)

A subtropical depression formed west of the Azores from an area of non-tropical origin on October 20. It strengthened to a tropical storm the next day. It slowly moved eastward, gaining strength but losing size. When it became a hurricane on the 27th, its hurricane-force wind field was only 5 miles (8.0 km) in diameter and its tropical storm force wind field was only 60 miles (97 km) in diameter. This compact cyclone became extratropical on the 28th after passing safely by the Azores.

[edit] Storm names

The following names were used for named storms (tropical storms and hurricanes) that formed in the North Atlantic in 1970. A storm was named Felice for the first time in 1970. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray.

Alma Becky Celia Dorothy Ella Felice Greta

Hallie (unused) Isabel (unused) Judith (unused) Kendra (unused) Lois (unused) Marsha (unused) Noreen (unused)

Orpha (unused) Patty (unused) Rena (unused) Sherry (unused) Thora (unused) Vicky (unused) Wilna (unused)

[edit] Retirement

The name Celia was later retired and replaced by Carmen in the 1974 Atlantic hurricane season.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] See also

• List of Atlantic hurricanes
• List of Atlantic hurricane seasons
• 1970 Pacific hurricane season
• 1970 Pacific typhoon season
• 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
• Southern Hemisphere tropical cyclone seasons: 1969–70, 1970–71

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• HPC rainfall pages for 1970 tropical cyclones

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