1870 United States Census

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The United States Census of 1870 was the ninth United States Census. Conducted by the Census Bureau, it determined the resident population of the United States to be 39,818,449, an increase of 22.6 percent over the 31,443,321 persons enumerated during the 1860 Census. The Superintendent of the Census was Francis Amasa Walker.^[1]

[edit] Census Questions

The 1870 census collected the following information^[2]:

name
address
age
sex
color (including Chinese and Indian)
citizenship for males over 21
profession, occupation or trade
value of real estate owned
value of personal estate
place of birth
whether father and mother were foreign born
born within the year
married within the year
attended school within the year
whether able to read and write (for persons 10 years old and over)
whether deaf and dumb, blind, insane or idiotic

Full documentation for the 1870 population census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series.

[edit] Data Availability

Microdata from the 1870 population census are freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.